$ cut :: This command is used to retreive the required fields or characters from a file.

syntax - $cut -f 1-3 filename
eg. $cut -f 0-2 employee (all the fields in the above file)

eg. $cut -c 1-8 employee (first 8 characters)

Delimeters

$cut options

$cut -f 0-2 employee
$cut -c 1-8 employee
$cut -d ',' 1-8 employee

$ sort :: This command is used to sort the file records in ascending or descending

$sort Options

$sort -r filename (reverse)
$sort -u filename (unique records)
$sort -n filename(show the number along sorting)

How to sort data in field wise ?

syntax- $sort -f +pos1 -pos2 filename
eg. $sort -f +1 -2 employee

$ uniq :: This command is used to filter the duplicate lines from a file
Note :: Always the file must be in sorting order.

syntax - $uniq filename
eg. $uniq employee

$uniq Options

eg. $uniq -u employee (displays non duplicated lines)
eg. $uniq -d employee ( displays duplicated lines)

Question ::

Q) How to remove duplicate lines in a file?
A) $uniq employee>temp
$mv temp employee